How Scientist Captured The Black Hole Picture

A black hole or black hole is a very mysterious object in distant space and a kind of focus of interest of modern space researchers and modern physicists. The extraordinary properties of black holes and many unknown facts are constantly being researched. There are hundreds of mysteries surrounding black holes. Work is ongoing to solve these mysteries. Hopefully, researchers now have more important information and ideas about black holes than at any time in the past. Although not fully understood, researchers have a good idea of how black holes operate from the center of galaxies and what their formation and effects are.

But much more research is needed into the properties of the mysterious black hole, and researchers reached a unique milestone on April 10, 2019, when the first image of the black hole at the center of the Messier 87 galaxy was released. It was the first human civilization to see a picture of a true black hole, which was then about 26,000 light-years away from Earth. Again, on May 12, 2022, the first real image of the Sagittarius A black hole at the center of our Milky Way Galaxy was released, another incredible achievement for space scientists. After seeing the real picture of the black hole located so far away, many people must have been curious, how was the real picture of the black hole that was taken far away?

Let's find out.

A special type of telescope called "The Event Horizon Telescope" (EHT) was used to image the black holes at the center of both the Messier 87 Galaxy and the Milky Way Galaxy.

Naturally, we know that light is needed to take a picture of an object, and when the light from the object enters the camera lens, the picture can be taken. But we're talking about a black hole here, which sweeps everything around its sphere of influence into itself - even light doesn't escape the sphere of influence of a black hole! So how can you take pictures if there is no light?

Interestingly, a black hole is surrounded by a giant ring of highly charged gas/particles. The name of this circular area is event horizon or event horizon. And due to these charged particles/gas, a huge magnetic field is created around the black hole. A type of wave is always emitted from this magnetic field, which is actually the characteristic radio wave. And to detect these radio waves, a total of 8 powerful radio telescopes were installed in 8 different regions of the world. With the help of which black holes were photographed. This image of a black hole is not ordinary but is actually a collection of radio waves detected over a long period, which can be combined to create an image that is useful for human understanding after judgment and analysis.

 

By combining radio wave observations captured by radio telescopes from every observatory around the world, a team of about 200 researchers had to record the time with great precision and precision to obtain the image data. For this, the researchers used the hydrogen maser atomic clock, which loses about one second every 100 million years.

The collected data was then transferred to the MIT Haystack Observatory and Germany's Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy for processing on a special type of supercomputer called a correlator. Later, the information from the radio waves was combined to create the amazing images of black holes that were published.

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